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Does your tree have emerald ash borer ?

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Emerald Ash Bore IMPACT!

Emerald Ash Borer (EAB)

Ash trees are popular trees in cities, towns, and acreages across Nebraska.  Ash is a hardy tree that is adaptable to and tolerant to many different soils.  Ash trees have been frequently used and are approximately 30% of mature trees in Nebraska.

In 2002 the insect Emerald Ash Borer was discovered in Michigan killing ash trees, that is an insect native to Asia. Since then, the insect and its massive destruction have spread to many states. In 2016 Emerald ash Borer was CONFIRMED in Nebraska, and it has spread across several counties. Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) will kill ALL North American ash trees and their cultivars, regardless of their health, age, or size.  This means all green, black, white ash and their cultivars such as Patmore, Summit, Autum Purple, etc. are attacked and killed by this insect.

Emerald Ash Borer adult beetles fly during the summer and lay eggs on ash trees. Once hatched, the larvae tunnel tunneling beneath the bark. The dense network of tunnels restricts the tissue that caries sugars from the leaves to the roots.  As the roots starve, they slowly die so less water is moved up to the leaves.  This results in the limbs and leaves at the top of the canopy begin to decline and die.  This process continues until the tree is dead.

Signs your trees are infested with Emerald Ash Bore (eab)

Canopy Dieback

  •  Begins in top one-third of canopy
  •  Progresses until tree is bare

Bark Splitting

  • Vertical fissures on bark do to callous tissue formation
  • Galleries exposed under bark split
  • Lose bark

Serpentine Galleries and D-shaped Exit holes

  • Galleries / tunnels weave back and forth across the wood grain, zig zag pattern
  • Signs of saw dust, frass, or excrement
  • Adults form D-shaped holes upon emergence

Serpentine Galleries

Increased Woodpecker Activity or Damage

  • Several woodpecker species feed on larvae of EAB
  • Peck on outer bark
  • Create large hole when extracting insects and larvae

Shoots or Sucker Limbs

  • Sprouts grow from roots and trunk

Mushrooms

  • Mushrooms are a sign of decay, with EAB this decay starts on the inside
  • Found in the upper limbs or canopy

WARNING:

Trees and branches killed by Emerald Ash Borer become brittle quickly and rot from inside out and create a high hazard and start to fall in as little as a year.  Trees should not be left standing until they are dead or have significant dieback.

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Infested with Emerald Ash Borer (EAB)

  • Trees already infested with EAB are treatable if the damage is not severe.
  • Trees with more than 50% canopy loss will likely not recover.
  • In some communities, removing infested trees may be Mandatory.

Pros and cons (eab) treatment

Cons:

  • Many of the insecticides used to treat ash trees are highly toxic to pollinators.
  • Products used to soil drench have been shown to reduce the abondance of beneficial arthropods and invertebrates in the soil such as earthworms.
  • Soil drenches cannot be used on flowering plants such as ornamentals planted around the base of a tree.
  • Treatments can be expensive and must be done for the rest of the life of the tree; they are not a one and done deal.  Injection treatments will need to be done once every year to 2 years.
  • Trees must be in relatively good health to accept the treatment and move the insecticide to the upper canopy.  Even then treatment is not a guarantee of survival.
  • Treatments will not correct abiotic issues that may be stressing the tree.


Pros:

  • Important landscape or historic trees can be protected from EAB with treatments.
  • Treatments may provide time if a homeowner is not ready to have a tree removed yet.
  • Treatments maybe a good idea if the tree provides the property with high aesthetic value, and is in good health.
  • Treatments may be cheaper in the short term than having a tree taken down.  However, the tree may still have to come down at a later time.

(EAB) Emerald Ash Borer TREATMENT

Regardless of the decision made, ash trees should not be left standing until they are dead or have significant dieback.  Ash trees killed by (EAB) become brittle quickly and could start to fall in little as a year.  Additionally, these trees pose increased risk for workers and will likely result in much higher prices for removal.  

Once (EAB) is found within 15 miles the decision should be made to treat or remove. Preemptive removal and replanting before this time is also an option.

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  • Emerald Ash Borer info